solar energy and the atmosphere (the atmosphere’s radiative budget, Earth’s albedo, the greenhouse effect) - the link between energy and climate (incident solar energy and climate belts, how the ocean’s store and transfer energy) - the carbon cycle (its reservoirs, how the cycle arises, how it’s perturbed by anthropic pressure, its role in climate change) - the water cycle (reservoirs, how the cycle arises, its main physical processes, continental surface and subsurface water, water exploitation and protection).

Be able to defined:

• solar energy balance on earth surface,
• processes responsible of heat circulation and transfers,
• different atmospheric layers and characteristics,
• main drivers of atmospheric and oceanic circulation,
• global atmospheric circulation (Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells),
• stratification of ocean,
• global superficial and deep oceanic circulation, upwelling and downwelling, different climate on earth surface, past climate changes and Milankovitch parameters, carbon cycle, water cycle.

Basic level in geosciences as :

• earth as part of solar system,
• plate tectonic and movements,
• stratigraphy,
• major stages of the earth, risk in geosciences.