Lectures content:
- types of genetic variability
- genetic variability and individual response to drugs (pharmacogenetics)
- new genotyping approaches to identify genetic variation (including new generation sequencing)

Practicals:
- Genomic DNA extraction from buccal cells and purification on a mini silica column
- Quantitative and qualitative characterization of genomic DNA by NanoDrop absorption spectrophotometry and Qubit spectrofluorometric measurements
- Genotyping reaction to search for Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) -like polymorphisms affecting drug metabolism: use of pre-developed TaqMan-based assays for SNPs in genes encoding P450 cytochromes

Objectives in terms of knowledge:
Provide the student with knowledge allowing him:
- to understand the importance of genetic variations in drug development and use
- to apprehend current technological developments used to identify genetic variations
Objectives in terms of practical skills:
Perform genotyping of genetic variations and data analysis.

Objectives in terms of acquired skills:
Ability to:
- cite the different types of human polymorphism
- explain the principles of experimental methods used for genetic variation analysis presented during the course
- describe the importance of P450 cytochromes and polymorphism in their genes in differences in drug response between individuals
- establish, write and follow experimental protocols
- perform genotyping data analysis
- keep a laboratory notebook
- write a report in the form of a mini-publication (abstract, introduction, results and analysis, discussion and conclusion)
- present his/her experimental work orally using a PowerPoint presentation
 

Scientific publications and other sources of information (protocols, websites) chosen by the teacher and illustrating the theme.